Jumbo

Similar to a basic three-wheel machine but designed to work with weak menus. It did not have indicator drums but had an electric typewriter which recorded ‘stops’. Post-Office-type uniselectors were used to recover information and transmit to the typewriter a character at a time. The noise made by the uniselectors turning in synchronisation sounded like a machine gun, the term used to describe this process.

Ogre

This machine involved two Bombes constructed together, and it was used for breaking messages using the pluggable Reflector D.

Giant

This was four High-Speed Keen Bombes bolted together on huge girders. Special mechanical and electrical connections allowed the four to operate as one complete massive machine. This set up stayed at Letchworth and ran from around June 1944 to early 1945 in a secure area under direct Bletchley Park control.

Four-Wheel Machines

WW

Almost certainly stands for Wynn-Williams, who devised the GPO version of the early British four-wheel Bombe. His attachments were connected to this version of a BTM Bombe. This was named Cobra

To the BTM section of the Cobra were attached units built by Mawdsley of Dursley in Gloucestershire, in which commutators and carbon brushes acted as the fourth, very fast wheel. A Flowers/GPO sensing unit completed the set-up. To avoid dust from the carbon brushes and the noise, the Cobra was divided from the three-wheel Bombe by a wall through which was a hole which connected the Cobra with the Bombe. Because many cables ‘snaked’ between the two units it was given the name Cobra. The GPO unit used valves.

High Speed Keen

This was the main UK four-wheel machine and was the faster version of the basic BTM machine, with the 36 very fast wheels added at the right-hand end.

BTM fourth wheel attachment

A free-standing unit on its own castors. It had no power and had to set by hand but allowed in one case a further set of 36 (4 x 9) very fast drums to be connected into the menu or in another version, cross-connected cables were plugged in.

US Machines

The Americans built 121 four-wheel Naval versions, at the National Cash Register Company at Dayton, Ohio.

They also built special additional machineries such as the Autoscritcher, Superscritcher and Duenna: These machines were used to break traffic using the pluggable Reflector D. The Autoscritcher was electro-mechanical and used relay technology while the Superscritcher was fully electronic and contained about 3,500 valves. The Duenna was used for breaking Enigma keys on a crib when the wiring of Reflector D was unknown.

An American-built four-wheel Bombe seen being operated by a WAVE from the US Navy women’s service
An American-built four-wheel Bombe seen being operated by a WAVE from the US Navy women’s service

Bombe Numbers

The various types of Bombe built are as follows:

Early three-wheel 36 Enigma73
Four-wheel 36 Enigma (BTM High Speed Keen)57
Four-wheel 36 Enigma (GPO/BTM) Cobra12
Later three-wheel 36 Enigma (High-speed Siemens-type sense relays). This type is the one built by the Rebuild Team on display at Bletchley Park69
TOTAL211
United States Navy machines – Not including U S Army machines121

NEXT CHAPTER – RUNNING THE BOMBE